Fire-fighting system design matters.
All residences, enterprises, facilities, campuses, and municipalities must adhere to comprehensive building codes and standards governed by local and state laws. When it comes to firefighting design, buildings must also meet local building codes and standards to help protect people’s health and safety.
The fire-fighting part of a building is mainly divided into two parts: fire detection and fire suppression.
Fire Detection
Fire detection systems are designed to discover fire as early as possible when time will still be available for the safe evacuation of occupants. Early detection of fire is essential in that it minimizes the harm of hazardous fire events. Most alarm systems inform the fire emergency responders of the location of the fire.
The most basic alarm system without detection may just be manual pull-stations, which heavily rely on an occupant to discover the fire and to report it. An alarm system equipped with a heat detector automatically detects a fire. Still, it comes with a defect of slow detection, while a more expensive air-aspirating smoke detection system finds out immediate signs of fire.
Fire safety begins with fire detection, and fire detection means everything from components of sensors, initiating devices, annunciators, and control panels to integrated systems to detect fire and sound alarms to fire stations.
Fire Suppression
A fire suppression system usually extinguishes the flames through heat absorption and oxygen depletion. To minimize the damage and losses from fire, a fire suppression system might be used. Fire suppression can be achieved by applying an extinguishing substance such as water, foam, or chemical compounds.
A fire sprinkler system is the most widely used active fire protection method, with 40 million sprinkler heads fitted every year. A fire sprinkler system consists of a water supply system, a water distribution piping system, and fire sprinklers. Used to be seen more commonly in commercial buildings and factories, now you can see them more frequently in homes and smaller buildings with the cost of installing a sprinkler system becoming more affordable.
Sprinklers are no doubt the most common type of fire suppression system. But there are other types of fire suppression systems that are available. Some are suitable for some special locations for fire-fighting purposes.
Gas suppression systems (also called clean agent fire suppression) usually store pressurized nitrogen and chemical agents as condensed in liquid form in compact cylinders. When a fire occurs, a gas suppression system is active to suppress flames without uttering any water. The clean-up process is minimal, safe, and hassle-free. Thus, a gas suppression system is great for spaces with electrical equipment like server rooms.
Kitchen fire suppression system (also called wet chemical foam systems for kitchens) is typically used to suppress fires in commercial kitchens. With a water-based chemical foam agent, they can distinguish fires in kitchens with a better effect than other options. Kitchen fire suppression systems are usually manually activated or heat-triggered and do not require an electrical connection.
The design of a fire-fighting system might change depending on the functions, requirements, and locations.
Whether it is a fire detection system or a fire suppression system, they aim to minimize potential fire hazards, reduce damage and help to evacuate a building safely and extinguish the flames.
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